Mothers raising children are the hardest hit by poverty as despite not being able to work, women are still perceived as the people responsible for feeding the family. In rural and urban areas employment opportunities and choices are limited since women are poorly educated. A woman's life is greatly determined by her level of education, which in turn influences her working status, which determines her poverty status.

According to a report titled Women and Men in South Africa: Five years on, over 32% of women have no formal education, more than 44% of women have some formal education, above 45% of women have matriculated while over 16% of women have a post Matric education.

UNICEF revealed that fewer girls are enrolled at schools compared to boys enrolment ratios for females as a percentage of males in primary school for the period of 2000-2005, stands at 96.

The drive to put equal numbers of boys and girls into schools is referred to as achieving gender equality in education. 

It is important to note that the percentage of women as domestic workers is much higher than those in leadership positions. Though a great deal has been done to ensure that more women are given the opportunity to enter the previously ‘masculine' workplace, more still needs to be done to boost the numbers of women in leadership positions

Source: sangonet.org.za

Imfundo isikhali sokulwa nobubha

Ngonyaka ka 2005 abe Statistics South Africa bakhiphe ucwaningo oluveza ukuthi abesimame yibona abaningi emphakathini wakuleli.  Kwezinye zezinselelo ezibhekene nabesimame udaba lobubha njengoba kuyibona abaningi nasezindaweni sasemakhaya.

Omama okuyibona abakhulisa izingane bakhahlanyezwa ububha kuthi naphezu kokuthi kwazeka ukuthi abasebenzi kodwa bajike bathwale umsebenzi wokondla izingane.  Ngenxa yokuthi abavami nokufunda okutheni abesimame ezindaweni zasemakhaya nasemadolobheni yibona futhi ababanenkinga yokuthola imisebenzi ephucuzekile.  Impilo yowesimame incika kakhulu ezingeni lemfundo anayo.

Umbiko obizwa ngele Women and Men in South Africa: Five years on, iningi labesimame abafundanga bagogoda kodwa iningi labo livama ukugcina kumatikuletsheni.  Abe UNICEF embikweni wabo kuvela ukuthi onyakeni ka 2005-2006 iningi lamantombazane alifundi ligogode njengezingane zabafana.  

Lombiko uqhakambisa ukulinganiswa kwezingane zobulili obungafani ezikoleni.

Lokhu kubonakala nangokuthi babebaningi abesimame abenza imisebenzi yasezindlini uma kuqhathaniswa nabenza imisebenzi ekhokhelayo ngokuphezulu.  Nakuba ikhona imizamo eyenziwayo ukuqinisekisa ukulinganiswa kwabesimame nabesilisa ekubanikezeni amathuba kodwa ke nesikhalo sisekhona ekutheni akukenziwa ngokwenele liselikhulu igebe.

Imfundo sisixhobo sokulwa indlala

Uqikelelo lweenkcukacha - manani zoMzantsi Afrika embindini wonyaka ka2005 zibonise ukuba, abaseTyhini benza iipesenti ezingama51 zoluntu lweli olufikelela kwizigidi ezingama46.9. Omnye wemiceli - mngeni ejongene nabaseTyhini eMzantsi Afrika yintsokolo. AbaseTyhini ngabona baninzi ezilalini yaye badla ngokuba ngabona basokolayo. 

Onozala abakhulisa abantwana ngabona bathwaxwa yintsokolo, ngaphandle kokuba bengakwazi ukusebenza, basathatyathwa njengabantu ekufuneka bondle usapho. Ezilalini nasezidolophini, amathuba omsebenzi nokuzikhethela kunqongophele, kuba abaseTyhini bengafundanga kuyaphi. Ubomi bowaseTyhini budla ngokulawulwa yimfundo yakhe, nethi ibenefuthe kwizinga lakhe lokusebenza, nelithi libenefuthe kwizinga lakhe lentsokolo.

Ngokwengxelo esihloko sithi, AbaseTyhini namadoda eMzantsi Afrika: Kwisithuba seminyaka emihlanu, ngaphezu kweepesenti ezingama32 zabaseTyhini azinamfundo iyiyo, ngaphezu kweepesenti ezingama44 zabaseTyhini zinayo imfundo ethile, ngaphezu kweepesenti ezingama45 zabaseTyhini zinalo ibanga leshumi, lo gama ngaphezu kweepesenti ezili16 zabaseTyhini zinayo imfundo engaphezu kwebanga leshumi.

IUNICEF iveze ukuba, ambalwa amantombazana abhaliswayo ezikolweni kumakhwenkwe. Ukubhalisa kwamantombazana kwizikolo zamabanga aphantsi, kwisithuba sonyaka ka2000 ukuya ku2005 kume kuma96.

Ukulinganisa amanani amakhwenkwe nawamantombazana ezikolweni, kubonwa njengokufikelela kukulingana ngokwesini kwezemfundo. Kubalulekile ukuqwalasela ukuba, iipesenti zabaseTyhini njengabasebenzi basemakhitshini ziphakame ngeyona ndlela kunakwizikhundla zolawulo. Nangona inkulu indima esele ihanjiwe ekuqinisekiseni ukuba, uninzi lwabaseTyhini lunikwa amathuba okungena kwimisebenzi eyayifudula iyeyamadoda, kusekuninzi ekufuneka kwenziwe ukonyusa inani labaseTyhini kwizikhundla zolawulo.

Umthombo wendaba: sangonet.org.za

Thuto ke sebetsa sa ho fedisa bofutsana

Bohareng ba 2005 dipalo-palo tsa Afrika Borwa di supile hore basadi ba etsa dipesente tse 51 tsa bathong ba dimilione tse  49,9 ba naha.  E nngwe ya diphephetso tseo basadi ba Afrika Borwa ke bofuma.  Basadi ba etsa palo e kgolo ya batho ba dulang kantle ho ditoropo mme hangata ba ke bona ba futsanehileng haholo.

Bomme ba bangata ba hodisang bana  ba kojwana-di-mahetleng hobane le ha ba sa kgone ho sebetsa, ba ntse ba na le boikarabelo ba ho netefatsa hore lelapa le fetjuwe. Ditulong tse kantle ho ditoropo le ditoropong, menyetla ya ho fumana mesebetsi le ya ho ikgethela o ratwang ke bona ha eyo, hobane ba fumane thuto e fokolang.  Bophelo ba mosadi bo susumetswa haholo ke maemo a thuto, a amang maemo mosebetsing, mme he sena se ba le tshususmetso bofutsaneng ba hae.

Ho ya ka repoto eo sehloho sa yona se reng ‘Women and Men in South Africa: Five years on' (Basadi le Banna Afrika Birwa: Dilemo tse hlano tse latelang), dipesente tse ka hodimo ho 44 tsa basadi ba ithutile, tse ka hodimo ho 45 ba phethile dithuto tsa bona ho fihlela sehlopheng sa leshome (matric), ha tse 16 tsona ba tswetse pele ka dithuto tsa bona ka mora sehlopha sa leshome.

UNICEF e hlahisitse hore palo ya banana ba ngodiswang sekolong e ntse e theoha ho feta ya bashemane. Ho ya ka dipalo-palo tsa batho ba batona dikolong tsa dithuto tse tlase (primary school) nakong ya selemo sa 2000 ho ya ho 2005, palo ena e eme ho dipesente tse 96.

Hothwe diteko tsa ho lekanya lenane la bashemane le banana sekolong ke tsela ya ho tlisa ho lekalekana ka bong dithutong. 

Ho bohlokwa ho bona hore palo ya basadi ba sebetsang malapeng e hodimo ho feta ya ba ditulong tsa boetapele.  Le ha ho hoholo ho se ho phethilwe ho netefatsa hore basadi ba fuwa menyetla ya ho kena mesebetsing eo ho neng hothwe ‘ke ya banna', ho sa na le mosebetsi o mongata o tlamehang ho phethwa ho nyolla palo ya basadi ditulong tsa boetapele.

Mohlodi: sangonet.org.za